印度草药资源与贸易概况

Brief Introduction of India Herbal Medicine Resource and trade

印度地处热带和亚热带，气候温暖，有丰富的传统药物天然资源。印度药用植物约有7263种，印度市场上流通的草药约有960种。本文介绍了印度草药市场的需求及供应概况，着重介绍了2005～2006年度贸易量较大的24种野生草药及36种栽培草药。中国与印度毗邻，存在交叉的药用植物资源，但是各自的医药理论体系不同，用法不尽相同，在此对6种常用印度草药的中国与印度传统应用进行比较，为相关研究者了解印度草药概况、为中国引种新资源及相关资源的充分利用和开发提供参考依据。

India has tropical and subtropical climate in general although there is a wide variance between the climatic conditions of various regions of the country. It has rich natural resources of plants with medicinal value in the traditional systems of medicine. There are 7 263 medicinal plants in India, and 960 are commercially available in the herbal medicine markets. The current paper introduces the scenario of demand and supply of medicinal plants in India during 2005-2006, highlights 24 traded volume 〉 2 000 t medicinal plants sourced from wild category, 36 high trade medicinal plants sourced from cultivation category. Also compare the traditional medicinal uses of China and India by listing 6 commonly used India medicinal plants. This work provides evidence for introducing new resources or fully utili-zing the related medicinal plants in China.