3499 例胎儿形态学超声筛查的结果分析

Application value of ultrasound on the prenatal diagnosis of fetal malformation in 3499 cases of pregnant women

目的探讨胎儿形态学超声筛查结果。方法回顾性分析本院2009年12月～2013年2月行胎儿形态学超声筛查3499例，比较各年龄段孕妇的胎儿畸形发生率，并分析胎儿的畸形类型及其构成比。结果3499例胎儿中发现畸形49例，占1．40％；各年龄段孕妇的胎儿畸形发生率分别为21-25岁1．40％，26~30岁1．55％，31～35岁0．20％。36。40岁3．28％，〉40岁3．45％；其中，孕龄〉35岁孕妇的胎儿畸形率明显高于其他年龄组（P〈0．05）。49例畸形胎儿中，单发性结构畸形32例（65．3％），多发性结构畸形17例（34．7％）；单发畸形中，主要为心脏血管畸形（18．4％）、神经系统畸形（10．2％）、泌尿系统畸形（12．2％）、消化系统畸形（8．2％）、颜面部畸形（8．2％）以及肢体畸形（4．1％）。结论高龄孕妇的胎儿畸形发生率明显增加，在孕期产前检查中，胎儿形态学超声筛查有极其重要的作用。

Objective To discuss the application value of ultrasound in detecting the prenatal diagnosis of fetal malformation in middle pregnancy.Methods A retrospective study was performed for the medical inspection of 3499 pregnant women by ultrasound in our hospital from December 2009 to February 2013.The number of fetal malformation was col- lected to evaluate the incident rate and was classified due to the type of fetal malformation.Results 49 cases （1.40%） of fetal malformation were detected.The incidence of fetal malformation was sorted by age as follows：age 21-25 was 1.40%,age 26-30 was 1.55%,age 31-35 was 0.20%,age 36-40 was 3.28%,and 〉40 was 3.45%.The incidence of fetal malformation was significantly higher in the group aged more than 35 years old than the others （P〈0.05）.Among 49 cases of fetal malformation,32 cases （65.3%） was single deformity and 17 cases （34.7%） was multiple structural abnor- malities.In the single deformity,most of the malformations was cardiovascular system （18.4%）,and others were central nervous system （10.2%）,genitourinary tract abnormalities （12.2%）,gastrointestinal abnormality （8.2%）,fetal facial （8.2%）, and limb deformity （4. 1%）.Conclusion The fetal malformation in pregnant women over 35 years old is significantly increased.Ultrasonography has great value in diagnosing fetal malformation.