南昌市社区中老年人群生活方式与骨密度测定现状调查及分析

The on-site community investigation and analysis on lifestyle and the present situation of bone mineral density with middle aged and elderly people in Nanchang city

目的了解南昌市社区40岁以上人群生活方式与骨密度测定情况，为社区骨密度异常的预防和干预措施提供依据。方法应用超声骨密度检测仪测量南昌市社区10002名40岁以上人群的跟骨骨密度，骨密度分为骨量正常、骨量减少和骨质疏松。并对所有受试者进行问卷调查，问卷内容包括基本信息、一般情况、生活方式等，测量血压、身高、体质量、腰围、臀围。计算体重指数。分析吸烟、饮酒、牛奶、碳酸饮料、运动与骨密度间的关系。结果骨质疏松患病率男为6．8％，女为10．4％；骨量减少患病率男为43．8％，女为39．7％。各年龄组的男女受调查者间骨质情况分布比较差异均有统计学意义。牛奶和碳酸饮料摄人情况及运动情况对男性受调查者的骨质水平有影响。吸烟、碳酸饮料及牛奶的饮用情况和运动状况对女性受调查者的骨质水平有影响。结论女性、高龄、少运动、奶类摄入量低者的骨密度异常患病率高，吸烟、饮酒对骨密度异常的影响有待进一步研究。

Objective To get the facts on lifestyle and bone mineral density among the community residents who are above 40 years old in Nanchang, therefore to offer reference for prevention and treatment to the community residents with abnormal bone mineral density. Methods Use Ultrasound bone mineral density detection instrument to detect the ealcaneus mineral density among 10 002 community residents who were over 40 years old. The results can be classified as normal, osteopenia and osteoporosis. A questionnaire survey was conducted among all interviewees. The questionnaire consisted of basic information, general sit- uation, lifestyle, height, weight, waistline, hipline. The body mass index was calculated. The relationship between bone mineral density and smoking, drinking, milk, sodas, sports, etc was analyzed. Results As to osteoporosis, the morbidity of male patients was 6.8%, and that of female patients was 10.4%, as to osteopenia, the morbidity of male patients was 43.8%, and that of female patients was 39.7%. Male smokers＇ morbidity of abnormal bone mineral density was high, there were no significant differences among the groups,female smokers＇ morbidity of abnormal bone mineral density was low, there were significant differences among the groups. Drinkers＇ morbidity of abnormal bone mineral density was low, there were no significant differences among the groups;People taking milk and sodas, taking more exercises suffered from lower morbidity of abnormal bone mineral density, there were significant differences among the groups. Conclusions Female, the elderly, povertyin movement, low intake of milk result in high morbidity of abnormal bone mineral density, while the influence of drinking and smoking on abnormal bone mineral density requires further research.