河南省人口与经济空间集聚特征及优化

Character and Optimization Method of Spatial Agglomeration of Population and Economy in Henan Province

基于ESDA方法,利用河南省2000—2009年人口数据和GDP数据,分析各市县人口、经济集聚特征、两者空间上的匹配关系及差异。结果表明:河南省各市县的人口和GDP空间分布表现出显著的高值和低值集聚特征,2000—2009年人口的空间集聚特征变化不大,但经济却呈现不平衡增长,空间差距日益拉大;河南省人口主要集聚在豫东黄淮海平原区,而经济发展则以郑汴洛为核心高高集聚,人口与经济空间集聚相分离。在人口与经济的空间集中化发展的规律下,河南省应加快推进粮食核心区的农业现代化,提高农业效益并释放农业劳动力;大力推动新型城镇化建设,促进农村剩余劳动力向其他产业转移;大力发展郑汴洛都市圈、中原城市群等经济空间高度发展的组织形态,促进人口等要素的大规模空间集聚。最终实现中原经济区人口分布与经济的协调发展。

Based on exploratory spatial data analysis （ESDA）, the distributions of population and economic concentration, the relationship between these two indexes of cities and counties in Henan Province were analyzed by using the population and GDP data during 2000--2009. The results show that the spatial distributions of population and economy have significant spatial agglomeration. The spatial distributions of population had little change in 2000--2009, while the economy had unbalanced growth with widening gap of regions. Most of the population is con- centrated in East Henan and Huang-Huai-Hai plain, but economic development are characterized with high-high spatial agglomeration in Zhengbianluo metropolitan area, meaning that the distributions of population and economy in Henan are inconsistent. Under the rules of population and economic integrated development, the modernization of core area of grain production need to be advanced for improving agricultural effectiveness and releasing labor. The construction of the new urbanization should be promoted for transferring surplus rural labor toward other industries. The new form of economic organization, such as the Zhengbianluo metropolitan area and the Central Plain Urban Ag- glomeration, need to be developed for the large-scale agglomeration of population and other elements. Above strate- gies help to achieve the goal of coordinated of population distribution and economic growth in the Central Plains E- conomic Region.