地震层位自动追踪技术研究

The technology of seismic horizon automatic tracking

在地震勘探中,地震层位解释是地震解释的基础工作,而层位的识别和追踪是地震层位解释的一个很重要的环节。由于过去的层位追踪基本上是纯手工,既耗时又耗力,而地震层位反映在地震波形上具有同相性和相似性等,这使得依据地震波形的这些性质,研究某种算法让计算机自动追踪层位成为可能。这里介绍了两种层位自动追踪方法:波形特征追踪算法和相关追踪算法,并分别分析了这两种算法的原理。通过编程实现了这两种方法,对它们的追踪效果进行了对比分析和总结,两种方法总体上满足层位追踪要求,结合应用两种方法能够达到很好的效果。

In the seismic exploration, seismic horizon interpretation is the basis of seismic interpretation, and the identi- fication and tracking of horizon is a very important aspect of seismic horizon interpretation. In the past, horizon tracking is basically manual, and is time--consuming and labor--intensive. As the seismic waveform of the same one seismic horizon is syntheses and similar, which makes it possible to use these properties of the seismic wavdorm to research some kind of algo- rithm and to let the computer automatically track the horizon by this kind of algorithm. This article describes two methods of horizon automatic tracking： the waveform--based tracking algorithm and the correlation--based tracking algorithm, and an alyses the principle of these two algorithms respectively. A comparative analysis and summary of their tracking results are made by the programming and application of these two methods.