南水北调中线沙河至黄河段沿线地下水位变化规律研究

Variation of Groundwater Level along the Section of Sha River to Yellow River of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project

地下水问题是南水北调中线工程建设遇到的三大关键技术难题之一,研究揭示沿线地下水动态变化规律对保证工程安全具有重要意义。2010年-2012连续3年在丰、枯水期,利用22眼监测井对中线沙河至黄河段沿线分别开展了地下水位监测,并收集整理了沿线40km范围内的11眼国家级地下水位长期监测资料。通过对这些监测数据分析,初步认为中线沙河至黄河段沿线地下水位变化趋势虽然总体上比较平稳,但由于沿线水文地质、工程地质条件复杂(膨胀土渠段、上层滞水分布广泛等),存在较多风险渠段,如遭遇强降雨等外界不利因素,地下水仍可能会对工程安全造成威胁。

Groundwater problem is one of the three major technical problems during the construction of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project, and the dynamic variation of groundwater level along the diversion project is of great significance for ensuring the safety of the project. The groundwater levels in 22 monitoring wells along the section of Sha River to Yellow River of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project were measured during the wet and dry seasons from 2010 to 2012, and the long-term monitoring data of 11 national groundwater observation wells within the scope of 40 km along the section were collected. Based on the analysis of the monitoring data, the variation trend of groundwater level was stable in the section of Sha River to Yellow River of the Middle Route. However, due to the complexity of hydrogeological and engineering geological conditions along the section （Expansive soil drainage and wide distribution of perched water）, groundwater is still likely to threaten the safety of project under the unfavorable conditions such as heavy rainfall.