中国城市社区自治的成长与思考——基于与村民自治相参照的视野

The Growth and Thinking of Chinese Urban Community Autonomy——Based on the Vision Referencing with Villagers Autonomy

与中国的村民自治发展相比,城市社区自治经历了一个迟缓的爆发过程,这决定了其强劲的发展后劲,也反映了其初级阶段的性质。一方面,目前的城市社区自治面临着狭窄的发展瓶颈,这主要包括:自治化程度不高,有弱民主化的倾向;自治主体的治理理念与治理方式较为陈旧;自治法律法规及其运行机制的建立严重滞后,这为社区自治提出了更高的目标和要求。另一方面,社区自治也有它自身的发展优势,也取得了不可忽视的成就,最为突出的表现是:发展的开放性和多元化、公民性得以大力培育;现代服务体系初步建立等。其实,城市社区自治应与村民自治相互参照、取长补短、相得益彰,这对中国基层民主政治发展具有关键性意义。

Compared with the autonomy development of villagers in China, the growth of the urban community has a slow but e- ruptive experience. This process determined its sound increase stamina and also its property of the initial stage. On the one hand, current urban community autonomy development is in a bottleneck, mainly including not enough degree of autonomy, the tenden- cy of weakening democracy, the outdated independent body concept of governance and governance, the severe lag in the estab- lishment of autonomy laws and regulations and operating mechanism. These problems have set a much higher goal and standard for the community autonomy. However, the community also has its own autonomous development advantages, has made achieve- ments that cannot be ignored. The most prominent features： openness and pluralism have developed; citizenship is cultivating, and other modern service system has been initially established. In fact, urban community autonomy and villagers , autonomy should be cross - referenced with each other and complement each other. That has a fundamental significance to the development of grassroots democracy in China.