政府维护社会公平正义职能问题研究

On Government Functions of Maintaining Social Fairness and Justice

公平正义具有十分丰富的内涵和外延。政府作为国家意志的执行者具有提供公平正义"公共产品"的职责,政府和市场具有各自作用的边界和范围。政府维护社会公平正义职能的主要内容包括确保权利、机会和规则的公平等,其实现路径主要有:确保制度规则和公共政策本身的公平正义性;实现影响社会公平正义制度改革方面的重大突破;完善公共财政制度,实现基本公共服务均等化;深化收入分配制度改革,实现分配领域的公平正义;坚持公正执法,创造公平有序的市场竞争环境;坚持差别原则,体现对弱势群体的政策倾斜和特殊保护;强调代际正义,实现可持续发展。

Fairness and justice is a term abounding in rich connotations and denotations. It is incumbent upon the government, as the executor of the will of the country, to provide such ＇ public products＇ as fairness and justice. The functions of government and market have their own boundaries and scopes respectively. The contents of govern- ment functions in terms of maintaining social fairness and justice include insuring equal rights, equal chances, e- qual rules, etc. To that end, the government should achieve its functions of maintaining social fairness and justice through： I） ensuring the fairness and justice of institutional rules and public policies per se; 2） making great strides in the reform of institutional deficiencies that hinder social fairness and justice ; 3） enhancing public finance systems and achieving equalization in public services; 4） deepening reform in the income distribution system to guarantee fairness and justice in the distribution field; ~） adhering to fair law enforcement and creating a fair and orderly market atmosphere; 6） sticking to the difference principle so as to predispose preferential policies and spe- cial protections in the favor of the vulnerable and disadvantaged; and 7） emphasizing intergenerational justice and promoting sustainable development.