早熟梨套袋技术研究

Study of Early Maturing Pear Bagging Technology

通过开展早熟梨果实套袋试验表明:对早熟梨实施套袋,可以显著地改善果实品质,尤以对外观品质的作用显著。套袋果实的果面都较对照的果实光滑,果点较小,锈斑面积小。可见,套袋是提高果实的商品性、生产无公害梨产品的有效途径。但套袋果可溶性固形物含量稍低于对照果,风味稍变淡,内在品质不如对照果,在生产上可采取多施有机肥、根外追肥、适当晚采、采前去袋等措施弥补这一缺陷。同时,套袋纸质的选择应根据品种而确定:‘翠冠'梨选择以台湾好果袋、山东爱农果袋等质量较好的双层纸袋为好。梨套袋时间也应根据不同品种特性确定:果点大而密、颜色深、锈斑严重的应该尽早套袋;果点小、颜色淡、锈斑轻的品种套袋时期可适当晚一些。‘翠冠'梨适宜的套袋时期一般以谢花后30 d为宜。

The early maturing pear fruit bagging experiment was implemented. The results show that the early maturing pear bagging can significantly improve fruit quality, especially the appearance quality. Fruit surface of bagging fruit is smoother than that of control fruit, and the fruit dots and rust area are smaller. Therefore, bagging is the effective way to produce pollution-free pear products and improve the commodity of fruit. But the soluble solids content of bagged fruit is lower than that of control fruit;the flavor is slightly pale;the internal quality is worse. In production, take more organic fertilizer, the foliage dressing, appropriate late picking, remove of bags before picking and other measures can make up this defect. At the same time, bagging materials should be selected according to the variety.‘Cuiguan’pear should choose double layer fruit bag which has better quality such as Taiwan good fruit bag, Shandong ainong fruit bag. Pear bagging time shall be determined according to the characteristics of different varieties. The pear which has large and intensive fruit spots, deep color and serious rust should be bagged early. On the contrary, it should be bagged later. The best time of bagging‘Cuiguan’ is during 30 days after blossom.