纳米载体系统在核医学的应用

The Application of Drug Delivery System about Nanoparticles in Nuclear Medicine

简述了纳米材料的优势以及在核医学中的应用情况,展望了纳米载体系统的发展对核医学的推动作用。核医学的发展一定程度上依赖细胞及分子水平精密探针的发展。纳米颗粒作为一种新兴的分子探针,主要是由靶向基团、显像基团、生物相容性好的"外壳"以及能够进行功能修饰的基团构成。纳米颗粒通过靶向定位于目标组织或细胞可获得较好的图像对比度,其材料的多样性和结构的独特性,使其可进行分子水平的多模态显像,实现不同显像方式的优势互补。在纳米探针结构基础上进行改造,加入治疗基团,即可以形成诊断治疗型纳米探针。智能化纳米探针的应用实现了药物释放的智能调控,减少肿瘤治疗过程中化疗药物产生的毒副作用。

The development of nuclear medicine relies on the advancement of precise probes at the cellular and molecular levels. Nanoparticle as a new molecular probe, is mainly con- sists of the targeting groups, imaging groups, the superb biocompatible ＂ shells＂ and the modify groups. These nanoparticles have the better image contrast by targeting positioning in the target tissues and cells. At the same time, because of the diversity of the materials and the uniqueness of the structures, the nanoparticles can realize multimodal imaging at molecular level, which complement each other＇s advantages of different imaging modals. If the treatment groups are joined into the nanoparticles, a new nanoparticles are formed-the theranosis nanoparticles, which have realized the diagnosis and therapy at the molecular lev- el synchronously . In addition, the application of intelligent nanoprobes can achieve the smart control of drug release and reduce the side effects of cancer treatment. Anyhow, thedevelopment of this new drug delivery system about nanoparticles has brought about a new breakthrough on the nuclear medicine.