1987—2012年福州市HIV/AIDS疫情监测分析

Surveillance and analysis on epidemic situation of HIV / AIDS in Fuzhou City from 1987-2012

目的掌握福州市艾滋病疫情特征及监测现状,明确艾滋病防治工作重点。方法收集福州市历年艾滋病常规监测资料、哨点监测、行为监测和专题调查资料、感染者和患者流行病学调查个案。结果福州市1987—2012年累计发现病例1 348例,年均发病率为0.87/10万。1987—2012年人类免疫缺陷病毒(感染者)艾滋病(患者)(HIV/AIDS)发病率经线性趋势检验呈逐年上升态势,增长趋势明显(χ2=1 610.338,P<0.01)。男性发病率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ2=245.329,P<0.01)。全市疫情分布在12个县区,患者和感染者总数排在前5位的分别是长乐245例、福清213例、晋安172例、仓山155例、鼓楼124例,上述5个县区病例数占全市病例的67.4%。感染途径以性传播途径为主,占83.46%;其中异性性接触传播占68.47%,同性性接触传播占14.99%。哨点监测结果男男性行为人群感染率逐年上升(χ2=6.713,P<0.05),近2年均达到10%以上。结论福州市艾滋病流行呈快速增长趋势,存在多种潜在危险因素。应采取强有力的防治措施,不断完善监测系统,加大开展高危行为干预,加强流动人口防治,控制其进一步流行。

[ Objective ] To know the epidemic characteristics and surveillance status of HIV/AIDS in Fuzhou City, explore the key points of HIV/AIDS prevention and control. [ Methods ] The data of HIV/AIDS routine monitoring, sentinel surveillance, behavior monitoring, special survey, as well as epidemio]ogieal investigation of HIV infections and AIDS patients in Fuzhou City were collect- ed. [ Results] A total of 1348 HIV/AIDS cases were reported in Fuzhou City from 1987-2012, and the average annual incidence was 0.87/1akh. The linear trend test showed that the incidence rate of HIV/AIDS was rising gradually from 1987 to 2012, which the in- creasing trend was significant （ Х^2 = 1 610. 338 ,P 〈 0.01 ）. The incidence rate in males was higher than that in females significantly （ Х^2 = 245. 329 ,P 〈 0.01 ）. The epidemic situation occurred in 12 counties/districts. The top five counties/districts with most HIV/AIDS patients were 245 cases in Changle, 213 cases in Fuqing, 172 cases in Jinhn, 155 cases in Cangshan and 124 cases in Gulou, while the cases in these five counties/districts accounted for 67.4% of total cases in Fuzhou City. 83.46% of cases were infected by sexual transmission, which heterosexual transmission accounted for 68.47% , and homosexual transmission accounted for 14.99%. The results of sentinel surveillance indicated that the infection rate of MSM population increased year by year （Х^2 = 6. 713,P 〈 0.05） , and that have reached over 10% in recent 2 years. [ Conclusion] The epidemic situation of HIV/AIDS shows rapid growth trend in Fuzhou City, and there are many potential risk factors. It is necessary to carry out the effective prevention and control measures, perfect the monitoring system, improve the intervention for high-risk behavior, and enhance the prevention and control in floating population, to control further spread of HIV/AIDS.