2012年天津市红桥区手足口病流行特征

Epidemic characteristics of HFMD in Hongqiao District of Tianjin City in 2012

目的通过分析2012年天津市红桥区手足口病的流行特征，了解红桥区手足口病的流行现状，探讨地区流行规律，为制定有效的防控措施提供科学依据。方法用描述流行病学方法对《中国疾病预防控制信息系统》中报告的2012年天津市红桥区手足口病疫情资料和手足口病个案流行病调查表进行分析。结果2012年红桥区共报告手足口病347例，1—8月份发病高于2011年同期水平，9-11月发病略低于2011年同期，发病高峰高于2011年；邵公庄街发病率最高，咸阳北路街发病率最低，西沽街发病构成比最高，咸阳北路街最低；幼托儿童和散居儿童发病人数最多，4、5岁年龄组发病率最高，20—25岁年龄组发病率最低；5岁以下（不包括5岁）的儿童239例，占病例总数的68．87％。结论天津市红桥区2012年手足口病较2011年有所升高，手足口病的防治不仅要开展健康教育，加强疫情监测，也要加强重点人群及重点机构的预防控制措施，尤其是学校幼儿园对手足口病的防治，坚持每日晨检，发现手足口病例及时隔离，对外环境进行消毒，避免手足口病在学校幼儿园内的传播，从而有效控制手足口病的流行。

[ Objective ] To understand the epidemic characteristics of Hand foot and mouth disease （ HFMD）, to understand its epi- demic status in Hongqiao District, to explore epidemic law and provide scientific evidence for developing effective control measures. [Methods] Descriptive epidemiology was adopted to analyze the HFMD outbreak data and case epidemic survey in China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. [ Results] A total of 347 cases of HFMD were reported in Hongqiao District in 2012, the incidence of January-August was higher than that in the same period of 2011, while the incidence of September-November was slightly lower than the same period in 2011, the peak incidence was higher than 2011. Shaagongzhuang Subdistrict had the higest incidence, and Xianyangbeilu Subdistrict had the lowest; Xigu Subdistrict had the highest incidence proportion, Xianyangbeilu Subdistrict had the lowest. Most patients were kindergarten children and scattered children. The highest incidence appeared in 4-5 years age group, the lowest in 20-25 years age group. Children under 5 years accounted for 68.87% （239 cases） of total cases. [ Conclusion] The incidence of HFMD in 2012 is higher than that in 2011 in Hongqiao District of Tianjin City. Health education, epidemic surveillance, prevention and control of the focus groups and key institutions were all important for HFMD control, espe- cially in schools and kindergartens. It is necessary to adhere to daily morning check, to perform timely isolation of HFMD cases and external environment disinfection, avoid HFMD spread within the nursery and school, in order to effectively control the epidemic of HFMD.