新加坡民族治理:政策、过程及其启示

The Experience of Ethnical Governance in Singapore and Its Implication to Tibet

1965年处于独立初期的新加坡,与其他第三世界一样面临着严峻的民族宗教冲突问题。在以华族为主的新加坡脱离了以马来族为主的马来西亚联邦后,新加坡国内华人与马来人矛盾开始激化。然而,新加坡成功地依靠多元的民族政策和平等的民族治理措施,走出了建国初期各族群之间的紧张关系。时至今日,新加坡已然成为东南亚的经济、金融中心和亚洲奇迹的典范。如此迅速的发展不能不归功于新加坡各族人民的和谐相处与同心协力的国家共识。民族和宗教和谐是经济不断持续增长和政治稳定的先决条件,此亦可以为我国处理西藏问题提供经验和借鉴。

In 1965,Singapore,like other third world countries,faced severe ethnic,religious or racial conflicts in the early days of independence. After the Chinese- dominated Singapore separated from the Federation of Malaysia,the conflicts between the Malaysian and the Singaporean domestic Chinese began to intensify. However,relying on its diverse national racial policies and equal national governance measures,Singapore has successfully eased the tension between the various ethnics that existed after the separation. Today,Sin- gapore has become the economic and financial center of Southeast Asia and acts a role model in the re- gion. This rapid development can be attributed to the concerted efforts of the people of all ethnic groups Singapore who provided a harmonious society and a mony is a prerequisite for the continuing economic strong national consensus. Ethnic and religious har- growth and political stability. This paper provides a comparison between Singapore and China＇s Tibet region. Through such comparison,the Singapore national governance experience and how it can be applied to China,especially in Tibet,will be discussed.