东北秧歌锻炼与老年人自尊、生活满意感和心境的关系

Relationship between Chinese Northeast Yangge Exercise and Self-esteem,Life Satisfaction,and Mood States of Senior Citizens

研究的目的是探讨东北秧歌锻炼与老年人自尊、生活满意感和心境的关系。采用心理测验的方法,以锦州市321名老年人(年龄>60)为研究对象,使用《整体自尊量表》、《身体价值感量表》、《一般生活满意感量表》和《心境状态量表》。控制人口统计学变量的分层回归分析结果表明:参加东北秧歌锻炼的老年人的整体自尊、身体自尊和心境状态比不锻炼者更好;低锻炼负荷对身体自尊的提高和对紧张情绪的缓解显著优于中高锻炼负荷;低和高锻炼负荷对愤怒情绪的缓解效果更好;高锻炼负荷对提高精力感具有更好的效果。结论:东北秧歌能够促进老年锻炼者的心理健康。表现为:在一定程度上提升锻炼者的整体自尊和身体自尊,缓解其消极心境状态。低锻炼负荷的心理效益最大。东北秧歌产生心理健康效益的机制可能在于其锻炼的集体组织形式。

Objective： To investigate the relationship between Chinese Northeast Yangge exercise and self-esteem, life satisfaction, and mood state of senior citizens. Method： 321 senior citizens （over 60 yrs. old） from Jinzhou city participated in the tests of Integral Self-esteem Scale, Physical Self-perception Profile, General Life satisfaction Scale and Profile of Mood States. Hierarchical regression with demographic variables as layer-1 was conducted. Results showed that in contrast with non-exercisers, the Yangge exercisers had higher integral and physical self-es- teem, with less negative mood state either. Low exercise workload was correlated with higher physical self-esteem and lower tension score. Low and high exercise workload was correlated with lower anger score. High exercise workload was correlated with higher vigor score. Conclusion： Doing Northeast Yangge exercise can improve the mental health of the old people, which presented by improved integral self-esteem and physical self-esteem, with declined negative mood states. The largest psychological benefit is accompanied with low exercise workload. The mechanism of the psychological benefit of Northeast Yangge exercise might be in its collective organization style.