我国运动员职业转换模型研究

Athletic Career Transition Models in China

基于国外运动职业转换模型的理论背景,以我国退役优秀运动员为研究对象,利用半结构性访谈的方法收集定性数据,对我国运动员的职业转换过程进行理论探讨,指出了其运动职业终止的多重原因和退役前的职业规划策略,描述了促进运动员积极适应退役生活和阻碍退役运动员职业转换的多种因素。在职业转换过程中,重要他人和应对策略扮演着重要的角色。运动员退役后在社会、社会心理、健康和经济领域经受着重大的变化。

Taking elite retired Chinese athletes as the research objects, this study was designed to explore the process of sport career transition in China, and was based on the theoretical background of sport career transition models. Qualitative data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Manifold reasons for sport career termination and various planning strategies to retire from sport activities were identified. Several factors contributing to the positive adaptation to athletic re- tirement as well as factors constraining the transition process are described. Significant others and coping strategies played important roles during the transition process. After tetivement, Athletes experienced significant changes in their lives in so- cial,psychosocial,heath and economic spheres.