美国图书情报学科人才培养模式与特点

Training model and characteristics of talents in library and information science of USA

目的:比较、分析美国几所图书情报学科领域知名大学的研究生与本科生教学的主要模式与重要特征,从实践层面对我国图书情报学科教育的改革与发展决策提供参考。方法:实地调研3所美国图书情报教育知名大学的基本教学情况,比较、归纳其教学模式与特点。结果:美国图书情报学科课程设置兼顾了信息科学、计算机科学和其他学科,并根据学院发展方向有所侧重,设置少量必修课,同时配备丰富的选修课,侧重对学生研究方法与工具使用能力的培养。结论:美国大学图书情报专业的本科生与研究生教育具有选课、上课自由度高,但课外学习、考核都把关严格的特征,各环节倚重、依托互联网平台提升教学工作管理实践效率,值得国内大学借鉴。

Objective To analyze the main teaching models of postgraduates and undergraduates of library and information science and their characteristics in several well-known universities of USA for the reference of reform and development in library and information science education of China. Methods The teaching of library and information science courses in 3 well-known universities of USA was investigated. Their teaching models and characteristics were compared. Results The offered courses for postgraduates and undergraduates of library and information science in USA universities included information science, computer science and other subjects including some courses that must be majored in and a large number of selective courses according to their future development. The courses were focused on training the ability of students to master research methods and tools. Conclusion Selective courses are offered in USA tmiversities for postgraduates and undergraduates of library and information science. The students can attend their courses according to their interests. After class study and examination are strictly controlled and Internet platform is used to improve the teaching management efficiency, which should be learned by universities in China.