广西壮族自治区护理人力资源配置现状及其公平性研究

Research on allocation and equality of nursing human resource in Guangxi Autonomous Region

目的：通过对2011年广西壮族自治区3大经济区域、14个辖市护理人力资源的现状及其配置公平性进行分析,为卫生行政部门进一步优化护理人力资源配置提供参考。方法：利用描述性统计分析、基尼系数和泰尔指数对广西护理人力资源现状及其配置公平性进行分析。结果：广西护理人力资源分布呈现不均衡状态,大部分城市人均拥有注册护士量低于全国水平,农村和经济欠发达地区护理人力资源相对不足;广西护理人力资源以女性为主,年龄集中在25~44岁,具有10年以上工作经验的注册护士占55.59%,护理人员的学历和职称偏低,尚未形成合理的人才结构;护理人力资源按人口分布和地理分布的基尼系数分别为0.151和0.324,人口分布配置优于地理分布配置,总泰尔指数与基尼系数变化趋势保持一致,经济区域间差异对总泰尔指数的贡献率高于经济区域内差异。结论：政府部门应合理制定区域卫生规划,促进护理人力资源的可及性和公平性;加强护理人才培养,强化人才队伍建设,提高护理人力资源业务水平和综合素质。

Objective：To analyze the allocation and equality of nursing human resource in three economic areas and fourteen cities in Guangxi Autonomous Region,and provide basis to the health government for optimizing allocation of nursing human resource.Methods：The allocation and equality of nursing human resource about population and geography were analyzed by descriptive statistics analysis,Gini coefficient and Theil index.Results：The nursing human resource in Guangxi Autonomous Region were in a state of disequilibrium,the level of the nursing human resource per capita was below the national level in most cities,allocation of nursing human resource was defect in rural and underdeveloped areas; the majority of the nursing human resource were women in Guangxi Autonomous Region,whose age were largely between 25~44 years old,the group with more than 10 years of work experience accounted for 55.59%,and the low degree of nurses’ record of formal schooling and professional titles;Guangxihadnotyetformedareasonablepersonnelstructure;TheGinicoefficientofgeographydistributionandpopulation distribution of nursing human resources in Guangxi were 0.151 and 0.324; the latter was better than the former; the fluctuant tendency of the Gini coefficient and Theil index were accordant; the difference between the economic regions contributed to the Theil index more than the difference within the economic regions.Conclusion：The health government should make reasonable regional health plan,in order to promote the accessibility and equity of the nursing human resource,encourage nurses to improve their professional skill and comprehensive quality by further education and skill training,and speed up the construction of personnel.