对称性聋患者单耳助听后双耳言语识别率差别探讨

The Speech Recognition Score Differences between Two Ears after Using Monaural Amplification in Patients with Bilateral Symmetrical Hearing Loss

目的通过检测对称性聋患者单耳助听后双耳言语识别率的差别来进一步研究听觉剥夺效应。方法选取右耳助听4～5年的双耳对称性感音神经性聋患者15名，在标准隔声室中，测试其双耳的纯音气导和骨导听闻，然后再采用汉语普通话单音节词表分别进行左右裸耳言语识别率测试，并将所得数据进行对比研究。结果15名受试者右耳配戴助听器前及配戴4～5年后两耳间平均听阈无显著性差异（P〉0．05）；受试者右耳助听前及助听4～5年后左、右耳平均听阀前后无显著性差异（P〉0．05）；右耳助听4～5年后，受试者左、右耳裸耳言语识别率存在显著性差异（t=2．76，P=0．02〈0．05）。结论对称性感音神经性聋患者单耳助听后裸耳平均听阈无显著改变，但非助听耳言语识别能力显著下降。

Objective To explore the differences of speech recognition scores in patients with symmetrical hearing loss before and after using monaural amplification and to study the auditory deprivation effects. Methods Fifteen patients with symmetrical sensorineural hearing loss who wore a hearing aid in the right ear for 4-5 years were included in this study. The subjects received the pure-tone audiometry（air and bone conduction） and speech recognition tests with Mandarin Monosyllable Wordlist. The data were compared and statistically analyzed. Results There was no significant difference in the hearing threshold between the left and the right ear of the 15 subjects before using a hearing aid（P〉0.05）. After using a hearing aid for 4-5 years, there was no significant difference in the unaided hearing thresholds between the left and the right ear of the subjects（P〉0.05）. There was no significant difference in the unaided hearing threshold before and 4-5 year after using a hearing aid for both left and right ear（P〉0.05）. After using a hearing aid for 4-5 years, there was a significant difference in the speech recognition scores between the left ear and the right ear without a hearing aid（t=2.76,P=0.02〈0.05）.Conclusion The pure-tone hearing thresholds of the patients with symmetrical sensorineural hearing loss show no significant changes after using a hearing aid in one ear, while the speech recognition scores of the unaided ear decrease significantly.