遮荫处理对云抗10号茶树春梢生化成分含量的影响

Effects of Different Shading Treatments on the Contents of Biochemical Components in Spring Shoots of Camellia assamica cv.Yunkang 10

利用黑色遮阳网覆盖遮荫处理的方式,设置50%和75%遮荫度大棚覆盖遮荫、50%直接覆盖茶树遮荫和无遮光露地对照的处理方式,研究了不同遮荫度、不同遮荫方式和遮荫天数对云抗10号茶树良种春梢生化成分累积的影响,结果表明:与无遮光露地对照相比,遮荫处理的春梢叶片叶绿素相对含量(SPAD值)、新梢咖啡碱含量、氨基酸含量都呈显著增加的趋势,与之相反,茶多酚含量和非酯型儿茶素EC和EGC的含量趋于减少;其中,50%遮光度直接覆盖茶树遮荫处理7 d对上述生化成分的累积影响较为显著,与对照相比,新梢第1叶和第2叶的叶绿素相对含量(SPAD值)分别增加了78.94%和52.33%;咖啡碱含量增加了13.6%;氨基酸含量增加了21.18%;茶多酚含量减少了16.57%;EC和EGC分别减少了33.73%和31.36%.遮荫处理降低了酚氨比,这利于云南春茶绿茶品质的提高.

Four treatments （CK, 50% and 75% shading in a plastic dome and 50% immediate shading） were used to study the effects of shading on the accumulation of biochemical components in the spring shoots of Camellia assamica cv. Yunkang 10. The results showed that shading generally improved the contents of chlorophyll （SPAD reading）, caffeine （CA） and amino acids （AA） in the leaves on the new shoots, and decreased total polyphenols （TPs） and non-galloylated catechins （EC and EGC） in them. Compared to CK, the treatment of 50% immediate shading for a week increased the SPAD reading of the 1st and 2nd leaves at the shoot top by 78. 94% and 52. 33%, CA by 13.6% and AA by 21.18%, and decreased TPs by 16.57% and EC and EGC by 33.73% and 31.36%, respectively. The shading treatments decreased the ratio of polyphenols to amino acids （TP/AA） as well, which is favorable for improving the quality of spring green tea.