甘蓝型油菜菌核病抗(耐)性的遗传研究Ⅰ.抗性遗传属性与配合力分析

Genetic studies on resistance (tolerence) to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in rapeseed ( B.napus L.) Ⅰ. Genetic nature and analysis of combining abilities of resistance

以来自欧洲和中国的 6个抗 (耐 )、感病品种 (系 )为材料 ,用双列杂交和火柴棒接种法研究油菜菌核病抗性的遗传属性与配合力。结果表明 ,油菜菌核病抗性主要受核基因控制 ,但存在一定的母性效应 ,核基因作用方式表现为显性和加性基因作用。油菜菌核病抗性表现为部分显性 ,不同抗 (耐 )病品种的抗性显性程度存在差异。抗病品系 0 2 0的抗性相对显性率较高 ( 2 2 .0 8% ) ,Norin9的抗性相对显性率较低 ( 6.0 1 % )。亲本0 1 8的一般配合力效应值较高 ( 4.4 6) ,Cobra较低 ( -1 0 .54) ,Cobra× 0 1 8组合的特殊配合力较高并具有良好经济性状 ,为试验最优组合。

In the genetic study of resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum , six rapeseed varieties (lines) including two from France and four from China, were used to make diallel crosses (6×6). Inoculation technique of matchstick was applied for testing the disease resistance of F 1 plants. Results showed that the resistance was mainly controlled by nuclear gene, while mother factor was found to be involved in the resistance. Nuclear gene appeared to be partial dominant with additive effect and the dominance level varied among varieties (lines). The dominance level of the Chinese resistant line, 020, was 22.08% and that of Norin 9 from France was 6.01%. Both general and special combining abilities were improtent for the resistance. General combining ability of 018 was 4.46, which ranged first among the six varieties, and Cobra (-10.54) was the last one. The cross of Cobra×018 showed high special combining ability and good agronomic characteristics and was selected as the optimum combination.