围填海造陆引起的海岛周围海域海洋生态系统服务价值损失——以浙江省洞头县为例

Appraisal on the value loss of marine ecosystem services about island reclamation: A case study of Dongtou

利用 SPOT5、IRS-P5高分辨遥感数据、海图并结合实地调查,以2004年数据为基准,分别获取了2008年和2010年浙江洞头县14个有居民岛屿的岸线以及填海造地数据。根据填海工程造成海岛周围海域的供给、调节、支持、文化等多种服务损失构建生态服务价值损失估算模型,采用直接市场法、替代花费法等方法评估了海岛造地导致的海洋生态系统服务功能价值损失情况,结果表明：洞头县2004-2010年填海造地导致海岛周围海域的海洋生态系统服务价值损失为13626.95万元/a,其中供给价值损失最大,占价值总损失的87%,从价值损失分布空间看状元岙岛周围海域损失最大,其次是洞头岛,小门岛周围海域损失最小。因此,在开发利用海岛资源时,应对养殖、捕捞、港口、自然保护等海岛开发活动进行合理的规划和调控,提高海岛资源的利用效率,促进海岛经济和环境的可持续发展。

Using high-resolution remote sensing data （SPOT5, IRS-P5） combined with field survey, data of 14 inhabited islands shoreline and land of island reclamation in Dongtou county were obtained in 2004, 2008 and 2010 respectively. The market value method and the alternative cost method were employed to evaluate the value loss of the marine services function during the island reclamation with the loss of ecosystem service model, which includes four categories of ecosystem services function such as provision, regulation, support, and culture, in the marine reclamation construction. Results showed that the total loss of functional service was 13626.95×104 yuan/a from 2004 to 2010. The functional category of provision accounted for 87% of the whole loss, which absolutely dominated. The spatial distribution pattern of the loss value was developed, showing Zhuangyuanao had the largest loss and the Xiaomen Island had the smallest loss. Reasonable planning and regulation for development activities, such as aquaculture, catching aquatic products, harbor construction and environmental conservation, play important roles in effective utilization of resources and promoting sustainable environmental and economic development on the islands.