苏北盆地表层吸收衰减及补偿方法研究

Research on Superficial Absorption Attenuation and Compensation Method in Subei Basin

苏北盆地表层纵、横向岩性变化较快,伴有较厚流沙、软泥层,对地震波尤其是高频成分有强烈的吸收衰减作用,严重降低了地震资料的分辨率。针对激发参数,可以通过精细表层结构调查建立精确的表层模型,进而优选激发岩性,动态设计井深,但是如何优化接收参数还是一个难题。为此,在进行大量调研及试验的基础上,初步总结出了一套近地表吸收衰减补偿技术方法 (即"Q补偿"方法),该方法在苏北盆地Z-L地区及HW地区部分高精度三维束线中得到运用,一定程度上提高了地震资料品质。

The vertical and horizontal lithological properties were changed quickly in Subei Basin,which was matched with thick flowing sand and muddy layer.It had severe adsorption and attenuation of seismic wave,especially of high frequency components,it severely reduced the resolution of seismic data.In consideration of shooting parameters,a fine surface model could be established through fine investigation of surface structure and an excitation lithology was optimized and well depth was designed dynamically,but how to optimize the shooting parameters was still a problem.Therefore on the basis of number of investigations and experiments,a set of methods(Q compensation method)for absorption and attenuation and compensation are preliminarily summarized in Subei Basin superficies.The method is applied on high precision 3Dbeam line in Z-L and HW Areas,it improves the quality of seismic data at some extent.