新疆石河子市幼儿园保育员脊髓灰质炎知识知晓状况及其影响因素研究

Study on the knowledge and influence factors about poliomyelitis among child-care workers in kindergartens in Shihezi City of Xinjiang Province

目的了解新疆石河子市幼儿园保育员对脊髓灰质炎相关知识知晓情况,为政府相关部门开展脊髓灰质炎健康教育工作提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,分别抽取石河子市公立和私立幼儿园保育员42人和78人,对其采用问卷调查方式进行调查。结果保育员问卷平均得分(80.16±5.79)分,平均及格率(≥70分)为65%;保育员脊髓灰质炎首要知识来源中政府宣传占33.3%,互联网占21.7%,知识培训占18.3%;幼儿园保育员在脊髓灰质炎基础知识、流行环节方面问题正确率较低,最低达6.41%。公立幼儿园保育员及格率(80.95%)高于私立幼儿园(56.41%)(χ2=9.645,P=0.002);有孩子的保育员及格率(84.44%)高于无孩子的保育员(53.33%)(χ2=11.966,P<0.001)。Logistic回归模型分析可见,有孩子(OR=10.522)和公立幼儿园(OR=11.914)的保育员对脊髓灰质炎知识掌握程度高,更易于及格。结论石河子市幼儿园保育员脊髓灰质炎知识知晓率低,知识培训少,相关部门应重点对私立幼儿园和无小孩的保育员开展多种形式的培训,提高培训质量。

Objective To know the level of the knowledge about poliomyelitis of the child-care workers is as to supply with the reference for the government＇ s health education. Methods It was the stratified cluster sampling that we used to get the subjects. Then we sampled 42 child-care workers from the public kindergarten and 78 ones from the private kindergarten and did questionnaire survey on these child-care workers. Results The average score of the questionnaire was （80.16 ± 5.79）, and the pass rate （ ≥70 points） is 65 %. Among the primary ways of knowledge source of poliomyelitis, the governmental propagandism occupied 33.3% , the Intemet occupied 21.7%, knowledge training occupied 18. 3% ; the correct rate about the basic knowledge and epidemic links kept lower level, the minimum of the rate was 6.41%. The pass rate of child-care workers from public kindergarten 80.95% was higher than that of those from private ones 56.41% （x^2 = 9. 645, P =0. 002）. In addition, the pass rate 84.44% of the child-care workers with their own child were significantly higher than that of those with no child 53.33% （X^2 = 11. 966, P 〈 0. 001 ）. The result of the logistic regression model showed the child-care workers with her own child （ OR = 10. 522 ） , and the workers in the pubhc kindergarten （ OR = 11. 914） significantly knew much information about poliomyelitis. Conclusion The level of poliomyelitis knowledge of the child-care workers in Shihezi was not high enough. The relative governmental departments should carried out the health edu-cation program for them through different ways, meanwhile, the quality of the training should be paid more attention to.