3～6岁儿童龋齿患病情况调查及相关因素分析

Survey and related factors analysis of illness situation of children dental caries in 3～6

目的了解呼和浩特市3～6岁儿童龋齿发病情况及影响龋齿的相关因素，为学龄前儿童防治龋病提供科学依据。方法采取整群抽样方法，随机抽取6所幼儿园的1358名3-6岁儿童进行口腔龋齿检查，并对其口腔卫生、生活习惯等进行问卷调查。使用Epidata3．0软件录入问卷，SPSS15．0进行统计分析。结果1358名儿童乳牙龋患率为51．3％，6岁组儿童龋患率较高为68．3％，龋均为2．77，不同性别龋齿患病率无统计学差异（P〉0．5）。经多因素分析，发现年龄、喂养方式、早晚坚持刷牙、甜食摄入及家长对口腔健康的重视程度与儿童龋患有着密切关系。结论本地区学龄前儿童龋齿患病率较高，应加大健康教育宣传力度，家长定期检查口腔卫生问题，促使儿童尽早刷牙，控制儿童龋齿患病率。

Objective To understand the illness condition of children＇s dental caries aged 3 to 6 in Hohhot and its related factors, so as to provide a scientific knowledge for the prevention and treatment of preschoolers＂ dental caries. Methods Cluster sampling was taken, 1358 children aged 3 to 6 from 6 kindergartens were randomly selected for dental caries examination, and their oral hygiene and living habits information was acquired through questionnaire. Epidata3.0 was used for questionnaire entry and SPSS15.0 for statistical analysis. Results Rate of deciduous teeth caries was 51.3%, relatively high, caries incidence of six-year-old group was 68.3% caries are 2.77 in average, and there was no statistical difference of caries incidence between different genders （P〉0.5）. Multivariate analyses showed that children caries is closely related to age, feeding patterns, the habit of regular brushing in morning and at night, sweets intake and parents＂ emphasis degree on the oral health of children. Conclusion The prevalence rate of dental caries in preschoolers is high accordingly, health education and promotion should be strengthened. Parents should regularly examine children＇s oral health problems and encourage children to brush teeth as early as possible, and control the prevalence of dental caries in children.