郭璞《游仙诗》的主题及其思想特征

The Theme,Thinking Characteristic of Guo Pu's Poems About Immortals

《游仙诗》具有统一而明确的主题。作为诗人学道修仙历程的"自叙",《游仙诗》是从学道修仙的原因和思想基础"自叙"起,经过实际践行(如方术修炼、修德悟道等),最终修炼成仙而告终,完整地反映了在魏晋时代文化精神危机的历史条件下,一个有抱负而又高度敏感的士人为了摆脱生命悲剧,是如何在焦虑、痛苦和苦闷中通过反复探索,最终走上学道修仙人生之路的丰富而复杂的心路历程。其主题思想既有鲜明的悲剧性、超越性和哲理性等特征,又有愚昧、落后的思想观念。《游仙诗》的主题以其全新的思想内涵和鲜明的创新特征,对中国诗歌发展史做出了巨大贡献。

Poems About Immortals has a unified and clear theme. As the self-narration of the poet＇ s progress of cultivation for immortality, Poems About Immortals begins with the self-narration of his reason and ideological foundation for the cultivation to become an immortal, and ends with his ultimate success in immortality, after such actual practices as internal alchemy cultivation and virtue enlightenment. This fully reflects the progress of his rich and complex mentality, showing how an aspiring and highly sensitive scholar made repeated explorations with anxiety, pain and anguish in an attempt to escape from the tragedy of life and finally embarked on the road to the cultivation for immortality, under the historical condition of cultural and spiritual crisis during the Wei and Jin Dynasties. The distinctive theme of his poems has not only clear tragic, transcendent and philosophical characteristics, but also erroneous ideas of ignorance and backwardness. The theme of Poems About Immortals made a great contribution to the history of Chinese poetry with its new ideological contents and distinctive innovative features.