短篇的巨人,长篇的矮子——哈罗德·布鲁姆评海明威小说的创作风格

A Giant in Short Stories,A Dwarf in Novels: Harold Bloom's Critical Views on Hemingway's Style

耶鲁学派的著名文学批评家哈罗德·布鲁姆运用互文理论和审美自主性理论从全新的角度对海明威的创作风格作了独到的评述。他认为海明威以简洁的风格创作了众多经典的短篇小说,在世界文学史上留下浓墨重彩的一笔,其才能可与全球最优秀短篇小说家如莫泊桑媲美。但他也认为,海明威的风格在长篇小说创作方面并未表现得如此出色,而这却构成了海明威批评的独特的视点。通过对布鲁姆就海明威小说的评介的梳理,本文结论认为,如果把布鲁姆的观点与其他传统批评观点相结合,海明威研究会拓展出新的视角、达到新的高度。

Harold Bloom makes a unique review of Hemingway's writing and his style from the viewpoint of the intertextuality and aesthetic subjectivity.He holds that Hemingway created many classic short stories with the style of simplicity,leaving a deep influence on the world literature.His ability for short stories could be as good,if not better,as that of any other writers in the world like Guy de Maupassant.However,Bloom also states that Hemingway did not perform as well in his writing of novels.Bloom's view constitutes a new direction in Hemingway criticism.Through the review of Bloom's critical comments on Hemingway and his style,this paper concludes that Hemingway's study could reach a higher level if Bloom's commentaries could be integratedly with the traditional Hemingway's criticism.