几个丝瓜品种的早熟栽培比较试验

Premature Cultural Comparative Experiment of Several Luffa Varieties

选用梅岭丝瓜、翠玉丝瓜、江蔬 1号丝瓜、楚天丝瓜、种都特早熟肉丝瓜、南京蛇形丝瓜等国内优良早熟丝瓜品种 ,以大棚设施栽培 ,采用打顶和不打顶两种处理 ,选择适合南京地区早熟栽培的丝瓜品种和提高早期产量的新方法。试验结果表明 :从早熟性、对病毒病的抗性、早期产量的构成、丝瓜商品性等综合指标评价 ,江蔬 1号是最适合南京地区早熟栽培的优良品种 ,其次是南京蛇形丝瓜和翠玉丝瓜。南京蛇形丝瓜第一雌花始花期较其它品种晚 5～ 1 6d,但瓜条发育速度最快 ,产量最高。采用打顶处理 ,6个品种的结瓜数和单株产量都极显著高于不打顶处理。采用大棚栽培比露地栽培可提早上市 1 0～ 1 8d。

The experiment selected Luffa varieties suited to be premature cultured in Nanjing in greenhouses from following internal popularied fine Luffa varieties: Meiling,Cuiyu,Chutian,Jiangchu No.1,Nanjing serpiform Luffa and premature flesh Luffa Zhongdute. A raising early yield method is also found out by excising terminal buds and non excising terminal buds. The results indicates: taking prematurity, resistance to virus disease,component of early yield, commodity of Luffa as aggregative appraisal indexes, Jiangshu No 1 is the best variety to be premature cultured in Nanjing. Nanjing Serpiform Luffa and Luffa CuiYu are next. Nanjing serpiform Luffa′s first female flower blooms 5 16 days later than others, but its gourds develop most quickly and the yield is the highest. Gourd quantity and yield per plant of six Luffa varieties treated by excising terminal buds are significantly higher than those treated by non excising terminal buds. Gourds cultured in greenhouse are supplied 10 18 days earlier than those cultured in the open.