诗歌疗法——文学与心理学的宁馨儿

Poetry Therapy: A Pretty Child of Literature and Psychology

现代意义上的诗歌疗法目前在中国的应用和研究才刚刚起步,研究者与应用者对此疗法的认识还不够,往往把它与纯粹的诗歌欣赏或文学教化混在一起,不加以区别。实际上,诗歌疗法是从文学中发展而来成为一种心理学治疗方法,宣泄、潜意识、共鸣在其中起作用。操作上治疗师既需要运用心理学理论又需要文学素养。从而可以看出它既不是纯粹属于心理学的治疗方法,也不是一种纯粹的文学传播方式,而是运用心理学理论做指导,从文学里选取"药物",对心理疾病进行治疗的方法。该方法既吸取了心理学的科学性,又吸取了文学的人文性,是两学科的宁馨儿。

The application and study of poetry therapy in the modern sense has just started in China, so researchers and users＇ understanding of this therapy is not well enough, and they often,without distinguishment, mix it with pure poetry appreciation and literary education. In fact, poetry therapy is a psychological therapy deriving from literature, in which catharsis, subconsciousness and resonance take effect. Therefore, the therapeutist needs both psychological theories and literary attainments in practice. Thus,a conclusion is inferred that it is neither a pure psychology therapeutic method nor a pure communication of literature. It is a way which is guided by psychological theories and picks out ＂medicine＂ from literature, so as to treat mental diseases. Poetry therapy is a pretty child of literature and psychology, as it has absorbed not only the scientific nature of psychology, but also the humanistic spirit of literature.