美国文化语境下的评价言语行为研究

Analysis of Evaluative Speech Acts in the American Cultural Context

评价言语行为是评价主体对客体表达立场和态度的行为,不仅表明个人观点,而且在一定程度上受特定文化共同体内社会规范、文化设定的制约。评价主体的站位、评价客体的选择及评价标准等共同构建了美国文化语境下的评价言语行为;评价方式或策略的选择也体现其文化属性;某些评价承担着维护文化优选行为、保持良好人际关系等文化功能。

Evaluative speech act, by which the evaluator shows his/her stance or attitudes about a certain entity, reflects not only the evaluator＇s personal views, but also the influence of norms and assumptions in the cultural community. The stance of the evaluator, the choice of the evaluated entity and the evaluation criterion constitute the evaluative acts in the American cultural context, Ways of evaluation or strategies also manifest the influence of culture. Certain evaluative acts can undertake cultural functions such as encouraging culturally-favored acts or maintaining interpersonal relationship.