旱芹人工种子的研制

PRODUCTION OF ARTIFICIAL SEEDS OF Apium graveolens

用旱芹(Apium graveolens)无菌苗的叶片、叶柄作外植体,在附加2.4-D(2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸)1 mg/L和KT(激动素)0.5 mg/L的MS培养基上诱导发生大量的胚性愈伤组织,在MS分化培养基上获得胚状体。用2%藻酸钠与1%氯化钙制成的人工种皮包裹胚状体,即为旱芹人工种子。其转株率达88.5%～90.0%,每颗种皮承受力为2 kg。人工种子在无菌条件下长成植株后,成功地进行了盆栽。本文还观察统计了胚状体发育程度、低温贮存和光照等内外因子对人工种子转株率的影响。

This paper reports on the somatic embryogeny and the production of artificial seed of Apium graveolens. Somatic embryos were produced from callus in a hormone- free MS medium. The callus was produced from leaves and leafstalks in MS medium containing 1 mg/L 2.4-D and 0.5 mg/L KT. The somatic embryos were mixed in MS modified medium (used as artificial endosperm) containing 2%(w/v) sodium alginate and dropped into a solution of 1%(w/v) calcium chloride to from artificial seeds. The hardness of the seeds was 2.0 kg/capsule, and their conversion frequency 88.5%~90.0%. The seeds were successfully transferred to the open in flowerpots and grew after the germination under sterile conditions. The factors, that affected the conversion frequency, shch as the degree of the development of the somatic embryos, temperature, and light were also studied.