甘肃地区油松种源选择的研究

STUDY ON PROVENANCE SELECTION OF \%PINUS TABULAE FORMIS \%CARR. IN GANSU PROVINCE

收集油松分布区范围内的种源 4 5个 ,经两次全分布区及局部分布区历时 1 8年试验结果表明 ,种源间生长和适应性状差异显著 ,种源与立地存在一定的交互作用 ,种源高生长与年龄、冠幅呈极显著的正相关。据 1 7个变量的主分量分析 ,参试种源分为速生型、中生型和慢生型 3类 ,黄陵、洛南、南召 3个最优种源平均树高、胸径和材积的遗传增益分别为 6 5%、1 0 2 %和 2 6 4%,增产效益显著。陕西、河南一带的种源适应性强、生长速度快 ,是甘肃今后油松调种的主要范围 ,分布在边缘地带的油松种源生长普遍较慢 。

A trial lasted 18 years on 45 Chinese pine provenances collected from its whole distribution areas had been done twice in its whole and partial distribution areas. Results indicated that the growth and adaptation difference among provenances were significant, and provenance has some interaction with site. The height growth of provenance showed significantly positive correlation with age and crown diameter. Provenances tested could be divided into 3 types: high, mediate and low growth according to the principal component analysis of 17 variables. Average tree height, diameter at breast height(DBH) and stock volume genetic gain of 3 optimum provenances, Huanglin, Luonan, Nanzhao, which had remarkable effects of increase in production, were 6.5%, 10.2% and 26.4%, respectively. Provenances in Shanxi and Henan which had good adaptation and high growth could be considered as major seed collecting ranges for Gansu. Provenances distributed in marginal areas were not suitable to adoption because of their low growth.