土地及矿产所有权因素与美国阿巴拉契亚地区的贫困

A Study of Land Ownership Patterns and Their Impacts on Appalachian Poverty

美国阿巴拉契亚地区的贫困与当地土地及矿产所有权结构有千丝万缕的联系。文章追溯了外地业主攫取阿巴拉契亚地区土地及矿产资源的途径及其控制该地区3/4土地及矿产所有权的状况,着重分析了阿巴拉契亚土地及矿产所有权结构对地区经济发展的抑制作用:煤炭财富外流,妨碍地区资本积累和居民消费;外地业主与阿巴拉契亚政客沆瀣一气,压低财产税率,导致地方财政拮据,妨碍教育和交通等公用事业发展,地区经济丧失活力。

There is a close contact between Appalachian poverty and its land ownership patterns.This paper discusses the way that absentee owners have grabbed Appalachian land and dominated its three quarters land ownership.The paper analyses emphatically the negative influence of Appalachian land ownership patterns.It causes coal profit dropout and harms on regional capital accumulation.The absentee owners and Appalachian politics is congenial to each other,and keeps down the area property tax rate,bring about Appalachian regional governmental finance and taxation in straitened circumstances, obstruct public utilities development and regional economic vitality.