手足口病爆发的流行病学特征的系统评价

A Systematic Review on the Epidemic Characteristics of Hand,Foot and Mouth Disease Outbreaks

目的了解2000～2012年中国手足口病(Hand,Foot and Mouth Disease,HFMD)爆发的流行病学特征,为预防和控制HFMD的爆发,以及相关疫苗免疫策略的制定提供参考。方法采用系统评价的方法,在中国医院知识数据库、万方数据库和维普数据库中检索相关文献,对符合条件文献的信息进行提取和分析。结果此次系统评价共收集符合条件的文献78篇,结果显示:HFMD爆发的平均罹患率2008年以来略有上升,3～6月为爆发高峰,城市罹患率(6.2%)高于农村(5.3%),中部地区罹患率(2.6%)低于东部(7.0%)和西部地区(6.9%),80.8%的HFMD爆发发生在托幼机构,爆发病例多集中在2～5岁儿童,男性多于女性。结论HFMD爆发的流行病学特征具有一定的规律性,应加强对HFMD爆发疫情的监测和报告,以便预防和控制HFMD的爆发。

Objective To know the epidemic characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease （HFMD） outbreaks, and provide evidence for prevention and control of HFMD outbreaks and making immunization strategy. Method Adopt the systematic review, searched CHKD （China hospital knowledge database）, WANFANG database and VIP database, extraction and analysis the information of qualified literatures. Result The review collected 78 qualified literatures, the results show that the average attack rate of HFMD outbreak rose slightly in recent years since 2008, and seasonal occurred, the outbreak peak is in 3-6 months, the attack rate in urban area （6.2%）is higher than rural area （5.3%）, the attack rate in central area （2.6%） is significantly lower than the east area （7.0%） and west area （6.9%）, the cases were mostly children of 2-5 years old, male more than female. Conclusion HFMD outbreaks have certain epidemic characteristics, the monitoring and reporting of outbreaks of HFMD should be strengthened to prevent and contrlol the outbreak of HFMD.