不同连作年限对白花丹参生长及其活性成分含量的影响

Influence of continuous cropping years on yield and active compounds in Salvia miltiorrhiza f. alba

对白花丹参的生物学特性进行田间统计，采用HPLC测定不同连作年限白花丹参中脂溶性成分（二氢丹参酮、隐丹参酮、丹参酮Ⅰ、丹参酮ⅡA）及水溶性成分（丹酚酸B、迷迭香酸）含量。结果表明，连作2年后白花丹参地下部鲜重下降80．47％，干重下降79．42％；正常生长条件下的白花丹参根粗为0．3～0．5cm，而连作2年后的丹参根粗为0．2～0．4cm，表明根粗是造成白花丹参产量下降的主要原因；连作2年后白花丹参中二氢丹参酮、隐丹参酮、丹参酮Ⅱ小丹参新酮、丹酚酸B和迷迭香酸平均降幅分别为35．26％，32．26％，19．35％，3．39％，64．40％，66．93％。结果表明连作障碍对白花丹参生长和质量的最大影响期为连作第2年。

Biological characteristic of Salvia miltiorrhiza f. alba in field was studied. HPLC method was used to determine the lipophilic constituents （ dihydrotanshinone, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone, tanshinone Ⅱ A and miltione） and hydrophilic constituents （ salvianolic acid, rosemarinic acid）. The results showed that the fresh weight of S. miltiorrhiza f. alba which cropped for 2 years was decreased by 80.47%, while dry weight decreased by 79.42%. The normal diameter of the root was 0. 3-0.5 cm, however, the diameter was 0.2-0.4 cm after 2 years, it was said that the decrease of the root diameter was the main reason for the decrease of the yield. The average contents of dihydrotanshinone, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone, tanshinone Ⅱ A, mihione, salvianolic acid and rosemarinic acid were decreased by 35.26% ,32.26%, 19.35% ,3.39% ,64.40% ,66.93% in plant which continuously cropped for 2 years, respectively. The yield and active constituents were mostly effected in the plant of S. miltiorrhiza f. alba, which continuously cropped for 2 years.