莫氏田鼠种群生态研究

STUDY OF Microtus maximowicaii POPULATION ECOLOGY

1991年～ 1993年在内蒙古大兴安岭库都尔林业局岩山林场野外设置 8块样地和 1块标志流放区 ,对莫氏田鼠 (Microtusmaximowiczii )的种群数量动态、繁殖和巢区进行了研究。结果表明 1991年为当地莫氏田鼠的数量高峰年 ,其种群数量最高月 7、8月的捕获率在 8种生境中平均为 13.34 %和 2 1.89% ,1992年为其数量低峰年 ,7月各个样方平均捕获率仅为 1.42 % ,与高峰年相差 10倍～ 17倍。莫氏田鼠的最适生境沼泽地和塔头甸子 3年平均捕获率分别为 5 .89%和 3.9% ,麦田中莫氏田鼠的数量也很高 ,3年的捕获率分别达到 13.85 %、0 .78%和 30 %。莫氏田鼠的繁殖高峰在 6月、7月 ,8月、9月几乎不进行繁殖 ,3年平均仔数为 7.2 8。莫氏田鼠的巢区面积越冬雄性达1874.46± 5 39.31m2 ,越冬雌性达 165 8.5 4± 499.98m2。

The 8 yield sites and one mark-recapture area were set up in Yeshan forest farm of Kudur forest bureau of Inner Mongolia Daxinanling from 1991 to 1993 The population fluctuation,the reproduction and the home range of Micotus maximowiczii were investigated The results showed numberal peak year of M maximowiczii was in 1991 and the highest trapping ratio in Jul and Aug. on 8 different sites was 13 34% and 21 89% The numberal low year of M maximowiczii was in 1992 and trapping ratio in Jul only was 1 42% on the different sites There were 10-17 times of the difference between the two The optimal habitat of M maximowiczii was marsh and meadow,their average trapping ratio of the tree years was 5 8%and 3 9% The number of M maximowicziii wheat field was very high,the trapping ratio of three years was 13 85%,0 78%and 30% respectively The reproductive peak was Jun. and Jul.,There were not reproductive indivaduals in Agu. and Sep The average embryo of M maximowiczii was 7 28 The home range of overwinter and ♀ was 1874 4±539 31m 2 and 1658.54±499.98m 2 respectively