罗斯福总统新政中增进就业措施的借鉴

The Study on President Franklin Roosevelt's Measures to Promote Employment in His “New Deal”

富兰克林·罗斯福总统为摆脱20世纪30年代国内经济危机,采取了一系列政策措施。针对"1932年失业人口达到1250万人,即全国有四分之一的家庭连一个受雇领取工资的成员都没有"这一严重的失业现象,罗斯福从建立PWA(公共工程署)、CCC(民间自然资源保护队)、CWA(民用工程管理局)、WPA(工程振兴局)及TVA(田纳西河流域管理局)等方面着手实施增进就业机会措施,并且取得了一定的成就。虽然由于年代不同、国情不同,抑或是社会制度的不同,但当时美国政府为摆脱经济大萧条、恢复民众对政府的信心而为百姓提供就业机会做出的努力,对现今社会维护社会稳定,解决就业问题,促使社会充满活力等方面仍然具有启示意义,值得当今各国政府借鉴。

President Franklin Roosevelt adopted a series of policies and measures to get rid of the domestic e- conomic crisis in the 1930s. In 1932 the unemployed people reached 12.5 million, that is, in a quarter of families across the country there wasn＇t even one salaried member in each family. Against this serious unemployment phe- nomenon, President Roosevelt built up PWA, CCC, CWA, WPA, TVA and so on to strengthen the implementation of measures of increasing employment opportunities and had made some certain achievements. Although due to dif- ferent years, different national circumstances or different social systems, the effort the U.S. government had made to get out of the Great Depression, to restore public confidence in the government and to provide employment oppor- tunities for the people still has much significance of enlightenment that could be referred to by the governments in today＇ s society.