钙镁硫肥对贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄的影响

Effect of Calcium, Magnesium and Sulphur Fertilizer on Wine Grape in Eastern Foot of Helan Mountain

针对贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄栽培过程中施肥存在的单施化肥、肥料种类少、利用率低等问题,通过田间试验设置不施肥(CK)、常规施肥、常规施肥+钙镁硫肥、常规施肥+钙镁硫肥+腐植酸4种处理,对不同施肥处理下酿酒葡萄长势、产量和品质以及土壤理化性质进行了研究。结果表明,腐植酸对于改善干旱区沙质土壤酿酒葡萄园的pH有明显作用;在常规施肥基础上增施钙镁硫肥与增施钙镁硫肥和腐植酸均能显著提高酿酒葡萄新梢长和叶片叶绿素含量,并能显著促进葡萄叶柄钾素的积累和产量的增加;钙镁硫肥处理能显著增加酿酒葡萄维生素C含量和可溶性固形物,同时明显降低总酸度,尤其是增施了腐植酸的处理,糖酸比达到31.94,与常规施肥处理相比,显著改善了酿酒葡萄的品质。

To solve the problems of single chemical fertilizer, few kinds of fertilizer and low utilization in wine grape cultivation in eastern foot of Helan Mountain, 4 kinds of treatment including no fertilizer（control）, conventional fertilization, conventional fertilization with calcium-magnesia phosphate fertilizer, conventional fertilization with calcium, magnesium and sulphur fertilizer, and humic acid fertilizer was set. The growth, production, quality, and soil physicochemical property of wine grape under each treatment was measured. Results showed that CaMgS plus humic acid fertilizer played a significant role in improving pH of wine grape in arid sandy soil vineyards. On the basis of conventional fertilization, increasing CaMgS plus humic acid fertilizer can effectively improve the chlorophyll content of leaves, promote the accumulation of petiole potassium pigment and increase the production growth. CaMgS treatment significantly increased the Vitamin C content and soluble solids of wine grape, but significantly reduced the total acidity. When the humic acid fertilizer treatment was increased, the sugaracid ratio reached up to 31.94 and the wine grape quality was improved compared with conventional fertilization.