门诊结核病患者营养状况与饮食相关性分析

Correlation Analysis of TB Outpatients' Nutritional Status with Their Diet

目的分析结核病患者日常饮食习惯及营养知识的知晓情况与营养状况的相关性。方法选取广佛地区慢性病院的门诊结核病患者183名,由经统一培训的人员进行问卷调查,同时记录患者营养相关的实验室数据进行统计分析。结果仅有61.2%的结核病患者认识到调整饮食结构和量对结核病有利;不同年龄、学历水平及职业的营养知识知晓情况存在差异,年龄越高、学历越低知晓情况越低,学生、知识分子知晓情况较工人、农民高(P<0.05);在营养知识知晓情况方面,营养正常组与营养不良组无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论结核病患者营养知识知晓情况总体水平较低,需加强在诊治或督导过程中的健康教育、饮食指导工作,改善机体营养状态,促进病情早日康复。

Objective To analyze the correlation of tuberculosis （TB） patients＇ nutritional status with their diet and their awareness of nutritional knowledge. Methods 183 TB outpatients from Guangzhou and Foshan were surveyed by professional questionnaire. The nutrition-related data of blood and serum test were analyzed statistically. Results Only 61.2% of TB patients recognized that adjusting the dietary structure and diet number were beneficial for tuberculosis. The awareness of nutritional knowledge was significantly different between patients with different ages, education levels and occupation; Patients with higher age, lower education had lower awareness; Students, scholars represented more awareness than workers and peasants （P 〈0.05）. Nutrition knowledge awareness was not significantly different between nutrition group and malnutrition group （P 〉0.05）. Conclusions TB patients get low level of awareness of nutrition knowledge. Strengthing health education, dietary guidance in the course of treatment or supervision are necessary to improve patients＇ nutritional status, and promote their recovery.