气相色谱-质谱分析在文物有机物鉴定中的应用

Application of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry for Identification of Organic Compounds in Cultural Relics

文物中有机物种类繁多、蕴藏信息丰富,其分析测定对研究古代科学技术、经济文化以及该类文物的保护方法都具有重要意义。气相色谱-质谱分析集高效分离和准确定量为一体,取样量小,是一种理想的文物有机物分析方法。本文针对文物常见有机物的气相色谱-质谱分析,阐述了蛋白质、脂及多糖3大类文物样品的预处理及分析方法,介绍了文物中有机物的鉴别模式,并展望了今后发展的方向。

As the various kinds of organic compounds own abundant information, it is significant to identify organic compounds of cultural heritage in studying ancient science and technology, economy and culture and the protection of such kind of relics. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is an ideal analysis method for the identification of organic materials used in cultural relics due to the combination of high performance separation with precisely quantitative analysis and micro sampling. This paper mainly summarized the GC-MS analytical technology for the characterization of protein, lipid and polysaccharide in artworks, including the sample pre-treatment, GC-MS instrumental conditions and their identification models. Additionally, some prospect of the development in this field was discussed.