中风方剂数据初步分析

A Preliminary Data Analysis of Stroke Prescriptions

目的探讨中风方剂的配伍规律及其朝代分布规律,为临床应用提供决策支持。方法筛选《中国方剂数据库》中风方剂905首。对所选中风方剂的中药名称进行信息标准化处理;用频数统计方法对方剂中单味药进行统计;用Apriori算法对方剂分析得到核心药组,并根据成方时间将其按照朝代分类;提出方剂经典值的概念,用来表征方剂经典程度。结果中风方剂共涉及不同药味1479种、245种中医典籍;药味使用频次前3位为防风(40.22%)、当归(36.69%)和川芎(32.71%);获得29个三元核心药团,核心药组按功效划分前三类为解表、补益、熄风;其最小支持度>80(以频数表示),功效以解表为主;计算得到方剂的经典值,并按照朝代分布展示;计算得到药味重现率前10的中医药典籍及它们各自的高频药,以及方剂数占全部方剂比例前10的中医药典籍。结论获得了各中医典籍中风用药的基本规律;从经典值的朝代分布得出中医学对中风研究越发系统,用药针对性越来越强;合集类中医药典籍中风方剂选取药味组方上有明显的重复性。

Objective To investigate the relationship between compatibilities of prescriptions for treating stroke and their dynasty and resource distribution, provide decision support for clinical applications. Methods Totally 905 prescriptions were selected from Database of Chinese Medicine Prescriptions. Information of selected prescriptions was standardized. The frequency of single herbs appeared in the prescriptions was counted. The core herb groups of the prescriptions were calculated by Apriori algorithm, and categorized by different dynasties. The concept of classical value of prescriptions （CVP） was proposed to characterizing the degree of classical of prescriptions and revealing the law of development of the prescriptions for treating stroke. Results The selected prescriptions involved 1479 different herbs, which were picked from 245 medical books. The top 3 most frequently used herbs were Saposhnikoviae Radix （40.22%）, Angelicae Sinensis Radix （36.69%） and Chuanxiong Rhizoma （32.71%）. Totally 29 3-item core herb groups were obtained, and the top three actions of relieving exterior syndrome, invigoration and calming wind. With support values〉80 （frequency）, the main effect was relieving exterior syndrome. CVP of selected prescriptions was calculated and categorized by dynasties. The top 10 books with largest reappearing rate and their high frequent herbs, and the top 10 books with largest proportion of all selected prescriptions were obtained. Conclusion The basic law of prescriptions for treating stroke in different medical books was obtained. The dynasty distribution of CVP indicates that the research of Chinese medicine for stroke increasingly getting systematic and becoming more accurate in choosing herbs. The principles of choosing herbs to combine a prescription for treating stroke are similar among the collections of selected medical books.