中国电子商务20年演进

The Evolution of E-commerce in Twenty Years in China

在第五次信息技术革命、全球信息化浪潮和中国国家信息化战略的推动下,中国电子商务的理论研究和实践运作随之兴起。1993年至今,国内外学者对电子商务概念的研究,形成了范围说、内容说、流程说和技术说。文章认为,中国电子商务经历了探索期、雏形期、成长期和普及期四个演进阶段。探索期的发展重点:互联网基础设施建设、从概念引入进入理论思考、从广泛关注迈进实际应用。雏形期的主要特征:以门户网站为代表的网络公司开始出现、短时间内快速吸引风险投资和包装上市、网络公司经历"倒闭潮"。成长期的主要成就:宽带网接入取代电话拨号上网、多元化的商业新应用、网商崛起。普及期的本质内涵:规模庞大、企业电子商务应用升级、移动互联网成为中国扩大内需的新引擎。进入新世纪,随着移动互联网、云计算、物联网、数据挖掘等新技术以及商务国际化的演进,中国电子商务出现移动化、云电子商务、大平台全网营销、融合化和智能化五大新趋势。

The fifth revolution of information technology, the wave of global information and the information strategy of the nation have promoted the rise of theoretical research and the practice of e-commerce in China. From 1993, scholars from home and abroad have carried out their research on the concept of e-commerce, and defined the concept from the perspectives of scope, content, process and technology respectively. This research suggests that the e-commerce in China has experienced four stages： exploration, embryonic, growth and popularization. During the stage of exploration, the development priorities are the construction of internet infrastructure, switching from concept to theoretical thinking, moving from the widespread concern to practical application. The main features of the embryonic stage are the emergence of web companies, attracting venture capital rapidly, becoming listed and web companies experiencing ＇ closures＇. The main achievements in the stage of growth arc the broadband access replacing the telephone dial-up, a wide range of new business applications and the rise of network operators. The essential connotation of the popularization stage is large-scale, the upgrading applications of enterprise e-commerce and mobile internet becoming the new engine for China to expand the domestic demand. In the new century, along with the evolution of the new technology of the mobile internet, cloud computing, internet of things and data mining, and the business internationalization. Five new trends emerge in Chinese e-commerce： mobilization, cloud e-commerce, grand platform of network marketing, and integration and intelligence.