生态沟渠中植物阻水作用室内模拟研究

Laboratory Simulation Experiment on Water-Resistance of Plants in Ecological Ditch

以模型植物为试验材料,分析了在模拟生态沟渠中当布设位置(沟壁和沟底)、生理特征(高度和叶片形状)和布设密度变化时植物对水流的影响。结果表明:沟底和沟壁同时布设植物时阻水作用最显著,沟底植物是其主要影响因素;植物布设密度越大阻水作用越强,水葫芦型叶片的阻水作用大于水草型叶片,植物高度越高阻水作用越强;极差分析和方差分析结果表明:植物布设密度的阻水作用最显著,叶片形状次之,植物高度最小。本研究结果为生态沟渠中植物种类选择和空间布设提供了参考依据。

In this experiment, influence of plant to water was studied using model plants as material when setting position（bottom and cliff）and characteristics （height, density and leaf shape） varied. Results showed that it affected most when plant were laid on both bottom and cliff where plant on bottom was the main factor, that the bigger the density the more significant the water-resisting ability, that hyacinth-shaped leaf had the bigger water-resisting ability than aquatic-shaped leaf, and that water-resisting ability was bigger when plant getting higher. Range analysis results showed that density had the greatest effect, followed by leaf shape, and plant height with minimum impact. The results provided reference for reasonable design of plant in ecological ditch.