《史记·孟子荀卿列传》文体、书法疑义研究

Research on Type and Style of Writing of Mencius and Xunqin Biographies

《孟子荀卿列传》是《史记》中体例和写法都堪称独特的一篇传文,既是一篇推尊孟子和荀卿的传记,也是一篇记述战国中后期勤于著述的诸子合传,它真实记录了战国中后期诸子竞相著书的社会风潮。其中着重记载了驺衍在当时通过著述取得的巨大成功,并对驺衍给予了高度评价。而在另一方面,本传对孟子和荀卿这两位在世俗意义上失败的著书者,尤其是在价值观上举义弃利的孟子,给予了精神层面更高的推崇。

Mencius and Xunqin Biographies outstands in Shih Chi with unique styles and writing techniques and is frequently recommend by traditional critics.Therefore this paper conducts indepth analysis on the styles.Comparing it with similar biographies in Shih Chi.We analyze the historical background of the emergence of works awareness in late Warring States and early Han dynasty,and review prior work on it,and maintain that Mencius and Xunqin Biographies is a joint work by writers in middle and late Warring States period.We also try to recognize and evaluate their property,ideas,content as well as their position in Shih Chi,and we hold in esteem of some new ideas of Mo-tse and Zouyan.