秸秆还田解读及江西棉区棉秆还田实践

Interpretation of Straw Returning and Cotton Straw Returned to Practice in Jiangxi Cotton Region

随着我国农业生产水平的不断提高,作物秸秆的产量也会越来越高,提高秸秆的综合利用率,不仅能减少资源的浪费和环境污染,减少农业用工争抢农时季节,还可以提高整个农业生产系统的产出水平。2011~2012年在江西丘陵棉区的永修、瑞昌及九江县开展了连续两年的棉秸秆机耕还田实践,通过旋耕机直接破秆与耕地,在耕地的过程中将棉秆直接截断并埋入土中。节约了大量用于拔棉秆的人工,省工节本,也避免了棉秆野外燃烧产生烟尘对大气环境的污染。棉秸秆在土壤中约3个月就会腐烂,对后茬棉花直播或移栽没有影响,且有培肥地力作用,有助于棉花增产。

The crop straw yield will be increasingly high with the level of agricultural production continuously improve in our country. Improving the straw comprehensive utilization rate, not only can reduce the waste of resources and environmental pollution, reduce agricultural labor for farming season, but also can improve the output level of agricultural production system. From 2011 to 2012, Yongxiu, Ruiehang and Jiujiang county of Jiangxi hilly area in two consecutive years of cotton straw re- turning practice, through the rotary direct broken stalk and rolling, direct truncation process of cotton stalk in rolling and bur- ied in the soil. For the large number of cotton stalk pulling manpower, saves labour and cost saving, avoids the cotton field buming on atmospheric environment pollution of dust. Cotton straw will be about 3 months to rot in the soil, no influence on the succeeding cotton direct seeding or transplanting, and fertility effect, helps to increase cotton production.