棉花耐低钾材料的苗期筛选与评价

Screening and Evaluation of Cotton Varieties on Resistance to Low Potassium at Seedling Stage

在棉花苗期沙培盆栽条件下,以棉株生物量、吸钾量、钾利用指数及地上部干物质质量4项指标对38份棉花材料进行了耐低钾材料的评价与筛选。结果表明,各材料耐低钾能力存在较大差异,其中D5、D13、D37材料在低钾胁迫下表现干物质积累多、吸钾量高及钾利用指数高等特点,这3个材料在低钾环境下仍能很好地生长发育,属于耐低钾型材料;而D7、D16、D28、D35、D38等材料则表现恰恰相反,4指标综合表现较差,表明这些材料对土壤缺钾比较敏感,属于低钾敏感型材料。筛选出的耐低钾型材料将作为棉花耐低钾遗传改良的种质资源,也为开展棉花钾营养高效机理的研究提供基础材料和数据。

This paper adopted feeding block of sand culture method, and used four indexs including the biomass, K ab- sorption, K use index and shoot dry weight to screening the genotypes of resistance to low potassium at seedling stge. The re- suit indicated that there were great difference among cotton varieties in the low potassium ability, D5, D13 and D37 had higher dry matter accumulation, stronger K absorption ability, and higher K utilization index in low K level which belonged to toler- ance genotype; while D7, D16, D28, D35 and D38 had lower dry matter accumulation, fewer K absorption ability, and lower K utilization index, which belonged to sensitive genotype. The results would provide genetic resources for the genetic improve- ment of cotton resistance to low potassium, and also provide more materials and data for the subsequent deep research on high potassium efficient mechanism.