2,6-二硝基氯苯的合成及工艺优化

SYNTHESIS AND OPTIMAZATION OF 1-CHLORO-2,6-DINITROBENZENE

以氯苯为原料经磺化、硝化、氨化、脱磺酸基、Sandmeyer反应,再经氯化反应合成了2,6-二硝基氯苯,并对合成工艺进行了优化。氯苯在110℃磺化20h,再经120℃硝化40h,合成3,5-二硝基-4-氯苯磺酸钾,收率为82.5%;3,5-二硝基-4-氯苯磺酸钾在浓氨水溶液中回流8h,氨化合成4-胺基-3,5-二硝基苯磺酸钾,收率为89.1%;4-胺基-3,5-二硝基苯磺酸钾在50%浓硫酸中130℃脱磺酸基20h,合成2,6-二硝基苯胺,收率为63%;2,6-二硝基苯胺再经重氮化和氯化,合成2,6-二硝基氯苯,收率为87.9%。过程总收率为40.7%。

A new synthetic technology of 1-chloro-2,6-dinitrobenzene zene as raw material, 1-chloro-2,6-dinitrobenzene was prepared throu nitrification, ammoniation, desulfonation, diazotization and then chl converted to potassium 4-chloro-3,5-dinitrobenzenesulfonate through and nitrification at 120 ℃ for 40 h. The yield of obtained 4-chloro-3,5- was gh a studied. route, na Using chlorobenmely sulfonation, orination. First, sulfonation at 1 -dinitrobenzenesu chlorobenzene 10 -℃ for 20 h lfonate reached82.5%. Then, 4-chloro-3,5-dinitrobenzenesulfonate reacted with concentrated ammonium hydroxide at the reflux temperature for 8 h, the yield of the obtained potassium 4-amino-3,5-dinitrobenzenesul- fonate was 89. 1%. Next, 2,6-dinitroaniline could be prepared from 4-amino-3,5-dinitrobenzenesul- fonate through desulfonation in 50% of concentrated sulfuric acid at 130 -℃ for 20 h. The yield of 2,6- dinitroaniline was 63%. Finally, 1-chloro-2,6-dinitrobenzene was prepared from 2,6-dinitroaniline through diazotization and then chlorination. The yield of 1-chloro-2,6-dinitrobenzene was 87. 9%. The total yield of 1-chloro-2,6-dinitrobenzene by this route was 40.7 %.