蜡祭中神祇、礼仪与歌诗的原始宗教意韵

The primitive religion rhyme on the god,etiquette and poetry of Zha sacrifice

蜡祭是中国古代于年终之时举行的农业大祭。蜡祭中所祭祀的神祇,可分为农业祖先神、农业设施神和农业益虫神三类,这些神祇都具有极强的农业神格,组成系统的农业神系。蜡辞、蜡乐等礼仪与歌诗,体现出"冬死——息老"的原始隐喻。蜡祭是祭奠谷物神死亡的送终仪式及感恩农业神祇的报恩大典,其中呈现出包含自然时序、农事状态、百姓生活、宗教仪式、乐歌祷辞等方面的完整的农业思维模式。

In ancient China, Zha sacrifice is a big agricultural festival which held at the end of the year. Gods in Zha sacrifice have extremely strong agricultural deity. The songs and music embody the metaphor of ＂ death in winter - rest the old＂, Zha sacrifice is a funeral ceremony of memorial grain god to death, showing a complete agricultural mode of thinking, including natural sequence, farming, people life, religious ceremonies, prayers and songs.