某校大学新生乙肝疫苗接种情况及其影响因素的调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of Influential Factors of Hepatitis B Vaccination in College Freshmen

目的:为促进大学生的乙肝防治工作提供参考。方法:采用问卷调查法,对大学新生中乙肝"两对半"全阴的学生进行乙肝疫苗接种情况调查,并分析其影响因素。结果:共调查3 647人,乙肝疫苗接种率为85.66%(3 124/3 647),接种人群中全程接种率为96.38%(3 011/3 124)。家庭人均月收入越高、父母文化程度越高、父母就职于企事业单位和医疗系统、周围有乙肝患者、对乙肝传播途径认识正确者、对乙肝疫苗信任者、对乙肝危害认识正确者更易接种乙肝疫苗,且接种针次更多。结论:家庭收入、父母文化程度、父母职业、对乙肝传播途径的认知、对乙肝疫苗的信任、对乙肝危害的认识是大学新生乙肝疫苗接种行为的主要影响因素。学校应加大对大学新生的乙肝防治宣传工作,以提高整个校园及周边的接种率。

OBJECTIVE： To provide reference for the prevention and treatment of hepatitis B. METHODS： By using questionairy survey, the status quo and influential factors of hepatitis B vaccination in college freshmen with negative ＂second liver two half-and-half＂ index were investigated, and influential factors were analyzed. RESULTS： Among 3 647 patients, the rate of hepatitis B vaccination was 85.66% （3 124/3 647）, and the completion rate of vaccination was 96.38% among the freshmen with HBV vaccination （3 011/3 124）. The freshmen, who had high family income, high education level of parents, correct knowledge of HBV transmission and hepatitis B harm, trust on HBV, and whose parents work in enterprise and institution or voluntary workers, are easy to accept HBV and more vaccination. CONCLUSIONS： Family income, education level of parents, occupation of parents and knowledge about hepatitis B transmission, trust on HBV and realization of hepatitis B injury are the main influential factors of HBV in college freshmen. Schools should step up the hepatitis B prevention propaganda work, in order to improve the coverage of the entire campus and the surraunding.