重庆市江津区老年高血压患者降压药物使用情况的调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of the Application of Antihypertensive Drug among Community Elderly Patients with Hypertension in Jiangjin District of Chongqing

目的:为促进老年高血压患者合理用药提供参考。方法:自拟调查问卷,对重庆市江津区几江镇、广兴镇、永兴镇的5个社区的部分老年高血压患者进行调查,了解其降压药物使用情况及存在问题,并分析原因。结果:共设15个调查点,发放问卷2 968份,回收有效问卷2 543张,有效回收率为85.7%。调查发现,受访者文化水平及经济收入低,对疾病重视程度及相关知识知晓率低,且缺少规律的专业性用药指导,导致降压药使用后不良反应发生率高(46.7%),高血压控制率低(5.4%),用药不合理比例高(75.5%)。结论:老年高血压患者药物治疗存在较多问题,社区高血压防治工作亟待加强。建议完善社会医疗保障体系,提高基层医疗单位医务人员的知识水平,提高基层患者群防治意识,扩大治疗覆盖面,以促进老年患者合理使用降压药物。

OBJECTIVE： To promote rational drug use in elderly patients with hypertension. METHODS： By using self-designed questionnaires, elderly patients with hypertension from 5 communities in Jijiang town, Guangxing town and Yongxing town of Jiangjin district were investigated, respectively. The application of antihypertensive drugs was summarized, and improvement suggestions were put forward. RESULTS： 15 communities were investigated, and 2 986 questionnaires were sent out. 2 543 valid questionnaires were collected with effective rate of 85.7%. Of investigated patients, they lack of education and low income, paid little attention to hypertension, and they usually had little knowledge of this disease, and they lacked of professional guidance; there was high rate of ADR after antihypertensive drug use （46.7%） and the irrational use of antihypertensive drug （75.5%）, as well as low rate of blood pressure control （5.4%）. CONCLUSIONS： There are many problems in drug therapy for elderly patients with hypertension, and it is necessary to strengthen the work of community hypertension control. It is suggested to improve social medical insurance system, knowledge of medical staff in primary medical institution and prevention awareness of patients and treatment coverage in order to promote rational use of antihypertensive drug.