希腊城邦与奥林匹亚节

The Ancient Olympic Games in the Context of the Polis

奥林匹亚节是古希腊最重要的宗教节日，是全体希腊公民都可参加的泛希腊节日，但其运作并未脱离希腊城邦社会的背景，城邦结构为这一节日的举办提供了基础性框架。本文从伊利斯城邦对节日的管理、希腊城邦参与节日的多种方式以及节日的泛希腊性和城邦框架之间的关系三方面入手，强调奥林匹亚节与希腊城邦制度、城邦社会之间的密切关联，从而证明奥林匹亚节实际上是希腊城邦制度的内在组成部分。我们在研究其特点时，不应只片面强调其泛希腊性质。

The ancient Olympic Games was one of the most significant festivals in ancient Greece.Citizens allover the Greek world were able to participate.The most distinctive form of Greek political organization—the polis—indeed offered the fundamental framework for this festival.The Olympic Games,like every Greek festival within a polis,was managed by a polis,which in this case was Elis,while other Greek poleis,whether by the encouragement of their citizens' participation or by the extravagant treasuries and offerings,also played active roles in this event.It is argued that the Olympic Games not only had a Panhellenic nature,but also were an inherent part of the Greek polis system.